The installation of outdoor air conditioning units on building facades in Spain is subject to various regulations at the national, regional, and municipal levels. These regulations aim to ensure safety, minimise environmental and aesthetic impact, and avoid disturbances to neighbours. This article outlines the main requirements and regulations in some of Spain’s largest cities, as well as general considerations applicable throughout the country.

 

General Regulations in Spain

Horizontal Property Law

Article 7.1 of the Horizontal Property Law establishes that any property owner may modify architectural elements, installations, or services on their property, provided that such modifications do not compromise the safety of the building, its structure, or exterior aesthetics, and do not infringe on the rights of other owners. Furthermore, the community of property owners must be notified in advance of these modifications.

Regulation on Thermal Installations in Buildings (RITE)

The RITE governs climate control installations in Spain, setting out the energy efficiency and safety requirements that air conditioning systems must meet. Units must be installed in a way that avoids excessive energy consumption and complies with noise emission limits.

Ordinance on Protection Against Acoustic and Thermal Pollution

Each municipality has its own regulations regarding noise emissions from air conditioning equipment. In general, these regulations stipulate that units must not exceed certain decibel levels, particularly during night-time hours.

In Spain, according to the Official State Gazette, permissible noise emission limits vary depending on the time of day, the area, and the type of activity. Generally, during daytime hours (7:00 to 23:00), the limit in residential areas is around 35 decibels (dB), while at night (23:00 to 7:00) this limit drops to 30 dB. However, autonomous communities and local councils may impose stricter limits depending on local circumstances.

 

City-Specific Regulations

Madrid

    • Installation on facades is regulated by the General Urban Development Plan (PGOU).
    • Placement on main facades visible from public streets should be avoided.
    • Noise generated by the units must comply with the Ordinance on Protection Against Acoustic and Thermal Pollution.
    • Before installation, it is advisable to consult the Madrid City Council’s Agency for Activities.

Barcelona

    • The Urban Landscape Ordinance prohibits installation of outdoor units on main facades visible from the street.
    • Installation is permitted in interior courtyards or areas not visible from public streets.
    • The Environmental Ordinance regulates maximum permissible noise levels.
    • Detailed information is available on the Barcelona City Council website.

Valencia

    • Installation on facades is subject to the Municipal Ordinance on Protection Against Acoustic and Thermal Pollution.
    • A municipal licence must be obtained before installation.
    • Units should be placed in locations that minimise visual and acoustic impact.
    • It is recommended to consult the Valencia City Council for details on current regulations.

Seville

    • Installation on facades must comply with the Municipal Ordinance on Environmental Protection Regarding Noise and Vibrations.
    • A municipal licence is required prior to installation.
    • Maximum permissible noise emission limits must be observed.
    • For more information, the regulations can be consulted on the Seville City Council website.

General Considerations

Homeowners’ Associations
Before installing an air conditioning unit on a building facade, it is essential to review the homeowners’ association’s statutes, as there may be specific restrictions or additional authorisations required.

Licences and Permits
In most Spanish municipalities, a municipal licence or permit is required to install outdoor units on facades. Failure to obtain the necessary permits can result in fines or an obligation to remove the installed unit.

Location and Aesthetic Discretion
It is generally recommended to install outdoor units in discreet locations, such as interior courtyards, terraces, or rooftops, to minimise their visual impact on the building’s facade.

Technical Regulations
In addition to urban and environmental regulations, installations must comply with applicable technical standards, such as the RITE, to ensure safety and energy efficiency.

 

The installation of air conditioning units on building facades in Spain is regulated by a combination of national, regional, and municipal legislation. Each city has specific requirements regarding permits, approved locations, and noise emission limits.

 

It is essential to be informed before carrying out any installation in order to avoid penalties and to ensure the system complies with current legislation. Consulting industry professionals and local authorities is recommended to ensure the installation meets all applicable regulations.